Introduction of psychology

1.Most people have impression that a clinical psychologist:
· Sitting on a chair
· Taking notes
· Taking to a person lying on couch
· Reminding their child and history

2. Another 2/3 of the psychologists cover the general area. They are
· Old fashion setting
· Trying to help to solve their problems related to mentally ill, problems in life.

3. The differences between psychologist and psychiatrist

Clinical psychologist Psychiatrists
Undergraduate psychology Medical Doctor undergone
Graduate from PhD degree and intensive psychology therapy
can do research of necessary. Can prescribe medicine and
conduct physical examination

4. Experimental psychology
· Include 1/3 of psychologist in the industry
· These group of psychologist are wearing white lab coat with recharge.
· They are running down the laboratory to run around with mice
· They usually work with people who is normal
· They have interest to work with people how they
o Perceive things
o Remember things
o Learns things
o What motivates a person
· The experimental psychologist work in the setting of laboratory, government operation or laboratory of a university.
· They could be working in industry and organisation job and industry or economy design system.



5. History Development of psychology
a) French philosopher – Rene Descartes
o Publishes Discourse on Method
o Speculating the nature of the mind
o Giving the distinction between the mind and the body.
o Mind – being the idea / part and inner of a part of self distinct from the body.

b) English philosopher – John Locke
o Publishes Essay concerning Human Understanding
o There is no “inert” mind
o Concept of Tabula raza – blank slate
o Everything is blank and a slate is written on by our experience through sensory mechanism. We bring in and write on the blank slate.
o Behavioralism – talks on learning and what we written on blank slate

c) British associationist – David Hume
· Inquiry concerning human understanding
· Mind is no more but a collection of sensory expression link together by association.
· Association o these things are important.
· Precursor of association what happen when we do learning

d) Expericalist - Ernst Waber
· Empericalist is not a psychologist
· Their interest on mental of psychological operation in quantitative ways on sensory side where sub sensory stimulus comes
· Conduct in quantitative ways.

e) Theory of evolution – Charles Dalvin
· Put human back to animal kingdom
· Human has certain kind of built in instinct

f) Wilhelm Wundt – 1879
· Build the first laboratory of psychology in Germany
· Psychologists start to be empirialist where starts to collect data.

g) William James – 1884
· Not collect data from the ground. He read intensively on what other wrote
· He wrote a lot in psychologist introduced it to American

h) Sigmund Freud – 1900
· He is a clinical psychologist
· He based on psychoanalytical theory
· He introduced unconscious mind on a concept

i) Physiology – Ivon Pavlov – 1906
· He introduced classical conditioning
· He started the behavioural era.

j) John Watson – 1913
· He suggested to us that we should study behavior not the conscious mind

k) B.F Skiner – 1930
· Be based on behavior tradition and offering operating conditional.

l) Ulric Neisser – 1967
· He is a cognitive psychologist
· We can measures things beside behavior
· According to him, it is okey to study the mind.
· We can use sophisticated technique to understand the mind
· He measures reaction time – how long mental processing through and inferring a mind how must it like if we use the measure.
· It is a primary paradigm in psychology

m) Eward O.W – 1975
· He published sociology Evolution.
· It involves a evolution of indication of evolution another way to look at human behavior

Trend of psychology

1. Experimental
· method to collect data
2. Introspection
· look into own mind and look at the content of mind
· How to process stimulus, colour and forms
3. Behaviourist
· Noway to know our own mind hard to do measuring and measure at the same time.
· Measure behavior – ignore to mind
· Human can be bias due to conscious mind.
· Human tends to change
· Start to study behavior of animal like rats, pigeons that cannot be over rule by conscious thought.
4. Cognitive psychologist
· Information theory comes along
· Use computer as metaphor to study how human mind
· Use simulation to look into mind
5. Evolutionary psychologist
· Mind is not a blank state
· Focus of adaption that from the behavior
6. Clinical psychologist
· Human motivation is on the unconscious level – needs psychoanalysis to determine the unconscious level what is the conscious level
· They tell what the patients to do.
7. Humanistic psychology
· Introduced by Carl Roger
· Use therapist and clients
· Clients have the ability to solve her own problems
· Therapist is a method to solve problem
8. Behaviourist therapy
· If you have problem, the problem may be dissolves with an appropriate learning
· Learning how to behalve in a wrong way.
· We have to intervene with the wrong behavior
· Help client to relevant the behavior using behavior techniques
9. Cognitive therapy
· Problems due to inner inappropriate thought, thinking the wrong thing
· For example, they kept saying , I can’t …..
· The problem is due to how do they think.
· Correct by having thinking an appropriate thought.
· Teach people an appropriate thought